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Fizičari


fizikadodiplomskog studijapostdiplomskogmagistradoktora znanostiFizičarimaterijeenergijeprostoruvremenumatematičke












Fizičar




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Fizičar


Fizičari su znanstvenici kojima je područje interesa i istraživanja fizika. Zaposleni su na Sveučilištima kao profesori, predavači ili istraživači, na znanstveno-istraživačkim institutima kao istraživači ili u industriji, bankama, informatici, novinarstvu... Za uspješno obavljanje znanstvene karijere fizičar mora proći formalno obrazovanje koje se uglavnom sastoji od dodiplomskog studija i postdiplomskog na kojem se stječe stupanj magistra, odnosno doktora znanosti.


Fizičari proučavaju ponašanje i interakcije materije i energije u prostoru i vremenu, i takve pojave se nazivaju fizikalne pojave. Fizikalne teorije se najčešće izražavaju kao matematičke relacije. Osnovne pojave se nazivaju fizikalnim zakonima ili zakonima fizike. Međutim, i oni su samo provizorni kao i sve druge znanstvene teorije.


Fizičari istražuju i postavljaju temeljna načela o građi, općim svojstvima i kretanju materije, stvaranju i prijenosu energije te međudjelovanju materije i energije. Neki fizičari ova temeljna načela primjenjuju u teorijskim područjima, kao što su pitanja o prirodi vremena ili podrijetlu svemira, dok se drugi bave praktičnim problemima, npr. razvojem novih materijala, unapređenjem elektroničkih i optičkih instrumenata ili medicinske opreme.


Fizičari kreiraju i provode eksperimente rabeći lasere, ciklotrone, elektronske mikroskope, teleskope, velike spektrometre i druge uređaje. Sustavnim opažanjem, mjerenjima i analizama pokušavaju utvrditi zakonitosti koje opisuju prirodne sile, kao što su gravitacija, elektromagnetizam i nuklearna međudjelovanja. Pronalaze i mogućnosti primjene fizikalnih zakona i teorije u rješavanju problema na području nuklearne energije, elektronike, optike, telekomunikacija, tehnologije svemirskih letjelica, usavršanja medicinskih instrumenata i sl.


Neki od najpopularnijih i najpoznatijih fizičara svijeta su:


  • Arhimed

  • John Bardeen

  • Isaac Newton

  • Galileo Galilei

  • James Clark Maxwell

  • Nikola Tesla

  • Max Planck

  • Albert Einstein

  • Erwin Schrödinger

  • Stephen Hawking

  • Alessandro Volta

  • Niels Bohr




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