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Patmos Sadržaj Povijest Pogledajte i ovo Izvori Vanjske poveznice WHC-UNESCO-942Patmos - official websiteGreeka.comSlužbene stranice

grčkitalijanskomgrčkiistočnoj EgejiDodekanezPatmosManastirom Svetog Ivana TeologaŠpiljom OtkrivenjaSvjetske baštineUnescaOtkrivenjeIvanIsusIvan ApostolspiljuBrončanog doba2000 god. pr. Kr.1000 god. pr. Kr.DoraniArgosSpartaEpidaurusHelenizamakropolaIvan iz PatmosaManastir Svetog Ivana TeologaBizantskiCarAleksije I. Komnen1101.godpada Konstatinopolisa1453.Krete1669.Turci1912.Talijansko-Turski ratTalijaniDodekanez1945.






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Patmos











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Patmos (grčki: Πάτμος, talijanskom: Patmo) je mali grčki otok u istočnoj Egeji. Patmos je jedan od najsjevernijih otoka skupine
Dodekanez s 2 984 stanovnika, i površinom od 34.05 km². Općina Patmos uključuju i manje obližnje otoke; Arkoi (54 stanovnika), Marathi ( 6 stanovnika) i nekoliko nenastanjenih otoka, cijela općina ima 3 044 (po popisu iz 2001. god.) a ukupna površina općine je 45 039 km².















Patmos Πάτμος

GR Patmos.PNG
Podatci
Smještaj

Egejsko more
Koordinate
37°19′ S 26°30′ I
Država

Grčka
Glavno naselje

Patmos (grad)
Površina
34 05 km² km2
Broj stanovnika
3044

Chora-of-Patmos.JPG

Na otoku je najveće naselje Patmos ( zvan i Chora - glavni grad), veće naselje je i Skala, pomorska luka. Ostala otočka naselja su Grikou i Kampos.


1999. godine povijesno središte otoka Chora, zajedno sa Manastirom Svetog Ivana Teologa i Špiljom Otkrivenja, uvršteni su na listu Svjetske baštine Unesca.[1] Manastir je osnovao Sv. Kristodulos. Patmos je bio i dom poznate vjerske škole.


Patmos se spominje u posljednjoj knjizi Novog zavjeta Otkrivenje. Na samom početku saznajemo da je autor Otkrivenja Ivan, i da se nalazi na Patmosu gdje mu se ukazao Isus, i gdje je on zapisao ukazanje Isusovo.
Ranokršćanska tradicija držala je da je autor Otkrivenja isti kao Ivan Apostol. Kao takav Patmos je bio odredište ranokršćanskih isposnika.
Današnji posjetitelji mogu vidjeti spilju za koju se govori da je u njoj Ivan primio Otkrivenje.


Sadržaj






Povijest




 

Pogled na plažu Livadi


Najstariji ostatci ljudske prisutnosti sežu u sredinu Brončanog doba (oko 2000 god. pr. Kr.). Ostatci keramike na lokalitetu Kastelli, su najznačajnije arheološko nalzište za sada.
Oko 1000 god. pr. Kr. znamo da se stanovnici Patmosa osjećaju kao Dorani porijeklom iz peloponeških gradova Argos, Sparta i Epidaurus.
Tijekom 3 stoljeća pr. Kr., za vrijeme Helenizam, antičko naselje Patmos dobilo je formu akropola sa boljom odbranom, zbog jačih zidova i tornjeva.[2]


Nakon smrti Ivan iz Patmosa, najvjerojatnije oko 100. god. n.e., podignut je značajan
broj ranokršćanskih bazilika na Patmosu. Jedna od njih bila je i Velika kraljevska
bazilika, u čast Sv. Ivana, podignuta oko 300-350 god. na mjestu gdje se danas nalazi
Manastir Svetog Ivana Teologa.


Rano kršćanstvo na Patmosu, jedva je preživjelo Arapske provale tijekom VI - XIX st. U
to vrijeme, porušena je Velika Bazilika. U XI st.Bizantski Car Aleksije I. Komnen dao je velečasnom ocu Kristodolosu potpunu vlast nad otokom Patmos, kao i dozvolu da gradi manastire. Početak izgradnje manastira bio je 1101.god.[3][2]


Stanovništvo otoka se povećalo nakon pada Konstatinopolisa 1453. god., kao i nakon dolaska brojnih izbjeglica sa otoka Krete nakon pada grada Chandakasa 1669. god.


Otokom Patmos upravljali su Turci mnoge godine, ali otočani su zadržali izvjesnu slobodu i povlastice, poput poreznog oslobođenja kojeg je imao manastir.


1912. god., kao posljedica Talijansko-Turski rat za Libiju, Talijani su zauzeli cijelo otočje Dodekanez uključivo i otok Patmos. Talijani su držali otak do 1943., kad je nakon njihove kapitulacije vlast nad otokom preuzela Njemačka.


Nakon 1945. god. nakon Nijemaca, otokom vladaju Britanci do 1948. kada je otok uz cijelo otočje Dodekanez pripojen Grčkoj.[3]





Pogledajte i ovo



  • Dodekanez



Izvori





  1. ↑ UNESCO, World Heritage Site #942, webpage:WHC-UNESCO-942.


  2. ↑ 2,02,1 Patmos - official website History. Snimljeno 2008-09-04.


  3. ↑ 3,03,1 Greeka.com - Patmos history. Snimljeno 2008-09-04.





Vanjske poveznice




  • Službene stranice (engl.) (grč.)




Dobavljeno iz "https://hr.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Patmos&oldid=4462622"










Zadnji put uređivano 17. ožujka 2015., u 03:17.





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Sadržaji se koriste u skladu s CC BY-SA 3.0 osim ako nije drukčije navedeno.










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